Fixing Skipped Stitches

Skipped stitches can be frustrating, but they are a common issue that can be fixed with a few adjustments. Here’s a detailed guide to diagnosing and fixing skipped stitches in your sewing projects:

1. Check the Needle

• Use the Right Needle: Ensure you are using the correct needle type for your fabric. For instance, use a ballpoint needle for knits and a sharp or universal needle for woven fabrics.
• Check Needle Size: Make sure the needle size matches the fabric weight. Lightweight fabrics need a smaller needle (e.g., 70/10), while heavier fabrics require a larger needle (e.g., 90/14).
• Replace the Needle: A dull, bent, or damaged needle can cause skipped stitches. Change the needle every 8-10 hours of sewing or at the start of a new project.

2. Threading the Machine Properly

• Re-thread the Machine: Incorrect threading can cause skipped stitches. Turn off your machine and re-thread both the top thread and bobbin, following the manual instructions.
• Check Thread Quality: Use high-quality thread. Old or cheap thread can cause breakage and skipped stitches.
• Ensure Thread is Properly Positioned: Make sure the thread is correctly seated in the tension discs and the take-up lever.

3. Adjust Thread Tension

• Top Thread Tension: Incorrect tension settings can lead to skipped stitches. Experiment with slightly increasing or decreasing the top thread tension.
• Bobbin Tension: Although less common, you may need to adjust the bobbin tension. Consult your machine’s manual for guidance.

4. Clean and Maintain the Machine

• Remove Lint and Debris: Clean the bobbin area, feed dogs, and other parts of the machine to remove lint, dust, and thread pieces that can affect stitching.
• Lubricate the Machine: If your machine requires oil, make sure it is properly lubricated according to the manual.

5. Check the Fabric and Stabilizer

• Use a Stabilizer: For lightweight, stretchy, or delicate fabrics, using a stabilizer can prevent the fabric from moving excessively and causing skipped stitches.
• Test Different Fabrics: Some fabrics are more prone to skipped stitches. Test on a scrap piece to ensure your machine handles it well.

6. Check the Presser Foot and Feed Dogs

• Presser Foot Pressure: Ensure the presser foot pressure is set correctly for your fabric. Adjust it if your machine has this feature.
• Feed Dogs: Ensure the feed dogs are properly engaged and clean. They should move the fabric smoothly and evenly.

7. Machine Settings

• Stitch Length: Shorter stitches can sometimes cause skipping, especially on thicker fabrics. Increase the stitch length slightly.
• Stitch Type: Some stitch types are more prone to skipping. Try using a straight stitch if you encounter issues with decorative or zigzag stitches.

8. Other Considerations

• Needle Plate: Check for any damage or burrs on the needle plate that might catch the thread or fabric.
• Timing: The timing of the needle and hook can be off, especially in older machines or after hitting a hard object. This usually requires professional adjustment.

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting Example:

1. Identify the Problem: Notice skipped stitches while sewing a knit fabric.
2. Replace the Needle: Switch to a new ballpoint needle, size 75/11.
3. Re-thread the Machine: Carefully re-thread the top thread and bobbin, ensuring proper placement in the tension discs and take-up lever.
4. Adjust Tension: Slightly reduce the top thread tension.
5. Use Stabilizer: Place a water-soluble stabilizer under the fabric to prevent stretching.
6. Clean the Machine: Remove the bobbin case and clean out any lint or debris.
7. Check Presser Foot Pressure: Adjust the pressure to a lower setting suitable for knits.
8. Test Stitch: Sew on a scrap piece of knit fabric to ensure the issue is resolved.

Conclusion:

By following these steps, you can effectively diagnose and fix skipped stitches, ensuring smooth and consistent stitching for your sewing projects. Regular maintenance and proper machine settings are key to preventing skipped stitches and achieving high-quality results.